What Causes Low Blood Pressure? | NHS Guide

Low blood pressure, or hypotension, is a condition that can cause dizziness and fainting, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening. Understanding the causes of low blood pressure can help in managing the condition effectively. Here, we explore the various reasons behind low blood pressure, particularly from the perspective of the NHS.

Causes of Low Blood Pressure

1. Dehydration: When your body loses more water than it takes in, it can cause low blood pressure. Dehydration can reduce the volume of blood in your body, leading to a drop in blood pressure.
2. Heart Problems: Conditions such as extremely low heart rate (bradycardia), heart valve problems, heart attack, and heart failure can cause low blood pressure. These conditions can prevent your heart from being able to circulate enough blood.
3. Endocrine Problems: Some gland problems such as underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease), and low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can cause low blood pressure.
4. Severe Infection (Septicemia): When an infection in the body enters the bloodstream, it can lead to a life-threatening drop in blood pressure called septic shock.
5. Blood Loss: Losing a lot of blood from a major injury or internal bleeding reduces the amount of blood in your body, leading to a severe drop in blood pressure.
6. Lack of Nutrients: A lack of the vitamins B-12 and folate can prevent your body from producing enough red blood cells, causing low blood pressure.
7. Medications: Some medications can lead to low blood pressure, including diuretics, beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, and certain antidepressants.
8. Severe Allergic Reaction (Anaphylaxis): This severe reaction can cause breathing problems, hives, itching, a swollen throat, and a dangerous drop in blood pressure.
9. Prolonged Bed Rest: Extended periods of inactivity can cause a drop in blood pressure when standing up suddenly.
10. Pregnancy: During the first 24 weeks of pregnancy, it’s common for blood pressure to drop.

Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure

• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fainting
• Blurred or narrowing vision
• Nausea
• Fatigue
• Lack of concentration

Managing Low Blood Pressure

If you experience symptoms of low blood pressure, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional. They can help determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment. In some cases, increasing salt intake, drinking more water, or wearing compression stockings can help manage the symptoms.

For more detailed information on what causes low blood pressure and other related health issues, visit What Causes.

By understanding the potential causes of low blood pressure, you can take steps to manage the condition and maintain better health. If you suspect you have low blood pressure or are experiencing any concerning symptoms, seek medical advice promptly.