What Causes Miscarriage?

Miscarriage, the loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week, is a heartbreaking event that affects many women. Understanding the causes of miscarriage can be complex, as they can stem from a variety of factors. Here, we delve into the most common causes to provide clarity and support to those seeking answers.

Chromosomal Abnormalities

The most common cause of miscarriage, particularly in the first trimester, is chromosomal abnormalities. These occur when the fetus receives an incorrect number of chromosomes during fertilization, leading to developmental issues that the body cannot sustain.

Maternal Health Conditions

Certain health conditions in the mother can increase the risk of miscarriage. These include:

• Uncontrolled Diabetes: Poorly managed diabetes can lead to complications in pregnancy.
• Thyroid Disorders: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can affect pregnancy outcomes.
• Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can interfere with normal hormone levels.
• Infections: Severe infections, including rubella and cytomegalovirus, can impact fetal development.

Lifestyle Factors

Certain lifestyle choices and environmental factors can also contribute to the risk of miscarriage. These include:

• Smoking: Tobacco use can restrict oxygen flow to the fetus, causing developmental issues.
• Alcohol Consumption: Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome and miscarriage.
• Drug Use: The use of illegal drugs and certain prescription medications can harm the developing fetus.

Age and Reproductive History

A woman’s age and her reproductive history play significant roles in the risk of miscarriage. Women over the age of 35 have a higher risk due to the natural decline in egg quality. Additionally, women who have had multiple miscarriages in the past may be more likely to experience another.

Structural Problems

Structural issues within the uterus can also lead to miscarriage. These can include:

• Uterine Abnormalities: Congenital uterine anomalies or conditions like fibroids can interfere with the implantation and growth of the embryo.
• Cervical Insufficiency: A weakened cervix that dilates prematurely can cause miscarriage, typically in the second trimester.

Genetic Factors

In some cases, genetic factors might play a role. Parents who carry certain genetic mutations can pass them on to their offspring, leading to chromosomal abnormalities.

Immune System Issues

Autoimmune disorders, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, can affect pregnancy. Conditions like lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome are known to increase the risk of miscarriage.

Seeking Help and Support

If you or someone you know is experiencing recurrent miscarriages, it’s crucial to seek medical advice. A healthcare provider can help identify any underlying issues and provide guidance on steps to reduce the risk in future pregnancies.

For more detailed information and support, visit What Causes.

Understanding the causes of miscarriage is a step toward healing and making informed decisions about future pregnancies. It’s important to remember that many women who experience miscarriage go on to have healthy pregnancies.